Jump to content

Moorhead, Minnesota

Coordinates: 46°52′26″N 96°46′02″W / 46.87389°N 96.76722°W / 46.87389; -96.76722
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Moorhead, Minnesota
City
Downtown Moorhead
Hjemkomst Center
St. John the Divine Episcopal Church
Rourke Art Museum
Fairmont Creamery
Comstock House
Randolph M. Probstfield House
Official logo of Moorhead, Minnesota
Motto: 
"Your Hometown"
Location within Clay County
Location within Clay County
Coordinates: 46°52′26″N 96°46′02″W / 46.87389°N 96.76722°W / 46.87389; -96.76722
CountryUnited States
StateMinnesota
CountyClay
Settled1871
Incorporated (village)February 25, 1875
Incorporated (city)February 24, 1881
Government
 • MayorShelly Carlson
 • Council MembersRyan Nelson
Matthew Gilbertson
Laura Caroon
Heather Nesemeier
Deb White
Larry Seljevold
Chuck Hendrickson
Sebastian McDougall
Area
[1]
 • City
22.290 sq mi (57.731 km2)
 • Land22.283 sq mi (57.712 km2)
 • Water0.007 sq mi (0.019 km2)
Elevation
[3]
909 ft (277 m)
Population
 (2020)[4]
 • City
44,505
 • Estimate 
(2023)[5]
45,202
 • Density2,028.48/sq mi (783.20/km2)
 • Urban
216,214 (US: 177th)[2]
 • Metro
262,620 (US: 189th)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
ZIP Codes
56560, 56561, 56562, 56563
Area code218
FIPS code27-43864
GNIS feature ID2395392[3]
Sales tax7.875%[6]
Websiteci.moorhead.mn.us

Moorhead (/ˈmɔːrhɛd/ MOR-hed)[7] is a city in and the county seat of Clay County, Minnesota, United States,[8] on the banks of the Red River of the North. Located in the Red River Valley, an extremely fertile and active agricultural region, Moorhead is home to several corporations and manufacturing industries.[9] Across the river from Fargo, North Dakota, Moorhead forms part of the core of the Fargo–Moorhead ND-MN Metropolitan Area. The population was 44,505 at the 2020 census.[4] Moorhead is a hub of higher education in Minnesota, home to Minnesota State University Moorhead, Concordia College, and a campus of Minnesota State Community and Technical College.

Platted in 1871, the city was named for William Galloway Moorhead, an official of the Northern Pacific Railway.[10]

History

[edit]

The city was platted in 1871 and named for William Galloway Moorhead, a Northern Pacific Railway official and brother-in-law of financier Jay Cooke.[10][11]

The former Moorhead Armory on 5th Street South was the site of the intended concert destination for musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and The Big Bopper before their fatal plane crash a few miles north of Clear Lake, Iowa, around 1 a.m. on February 3, 1959. The building was demolished in 1990 and is now the site of Ecumen Evergreens, a senior living property.

Moorhead is home to the first Dairy Queen to sell Dilly Bars.[12][13] The Moorhead Dairy Queen is also one of only a few Dairy Queens operating on a contract, signed in 1949,[14] that allows it to feature products not approved by corporate headquarters. One example is the chipper sandwich, vanilla ice cream sandwiched between chocolate chip cookies and dipped in chocolate.

Geography

[edit]

Moorhead is adjacent to the Red River in the Red River Valley. The land around the Fargo–Moorhead area is some of the world's flattest and richest for agricultural uses. This is because it lies on the bed of glacial Lake Agassiz, which drained between 9,900 and 11,000 years ago.[15]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 22.290 square miles (57.73 km2), of which 22.283 square miles (57.71 km2) is land and 0.007 square miles (0.02 km2) is water.[1]

Climate

[edit]

Partly due to its location in the Great Plains, Moorhead has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb), with warm, humid summers and cold winters averaging around 53 inches of snow.

Climate data for Moorhead, Minnesota, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1881–2016
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 55
(13) 		59
(15) 		80
(27) 		94
(34) 		104
(40) 		104
(40) 		114
(46) 		102
(39) 		101
(38) 		95
(35) 		72
(22) 		65
(18) 		114
(46)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 17.2
(−8.2) 		22.6
(−5.2) 		36.6
(2.6) 		54.1
(12.3) 		68.5
(20.3) 		77.8
(25.4) 		81.8
(27.7) 		80.5
(26.9) 		71.5
(21.9) 		55.2
(12.9) 		37.8
(3.2) 		23.2
(−4.9) 		52.2
(11.2)
Daily mean °F (°C) 8.4
(−13.1) 		13.3
(−10.4) 		27.1
(−2.7) 		42.9
(6.1) 		56.8
(13.8) 		67.1
(19.5) 		71.2
(21.8) 		69.5
(20.8) 		60.0
(15.6) 		45.4
(7.4) 		29.4
(−1.4) 		15.4
(−9.2) 		42.2
(5.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) −0.3
(−17.9) 		3.9
(−15.6) 		17.7
(−7.9) 		31.8
(−0.1) 		45.2
(7.3) 		56.4
(13.6) 		60.7
(15.9) 		58.5
(14.7) 		48.5
(9.2) 		35.5
(1.9) 		21.1
(−6.1) 		7.6
(−13.6) 		32.2
(0.1)
Record low °F (°C) −48
(−44) 		−47
(−44) 		−32
(−36) 		−13
(−25) 		14
(−10) 		28
(−2) 		39
(4) 		32
(0) 		17
(−8) 		−4
(−20) 		−27
(−33) 		−36
(−38) 		−48
(−44)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.73
(19) 		0.72
(18) 		1.33
(34) 		1.72
(44) 		3.40
(86) 		4.66
(118) 		3.37
(86) 		2.74
(70) 		2.94
(75) 		2.51
(64) 		1.05
(27) 		0.92
(23) 		26.09
(664)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 12.2
(31) 		7.7
(20) 		9.3
(24) 		4.0
(10) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.7
(1.8) 		8.0
(20) 		10.8
(27) 		52.7
(133.8)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 9.2 7.3 8.3 8.0 11.8 11.9 10.1 8.6 8.5 8.8 7.6 9.3 109.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 9.8 7.2 5.4 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 5.3 9.4 40.1
Source 1: NOAA[16]
Source 2: XMACIS2[17]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18801,500—
18902,08839.2%
19003,73078.6%
19104,54021.7%
19205,72026.0%
19307,65133.8%
19409,49124.0%
195014,87056.7%
196022,93454.2%
197029,68729.4%
198029,9981.0%
199032,2957.7%
200032,177−0.4%
201038,06518.3%
202044,50516.9%
2023 (est.)45,202[5]1.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[18]
2020 Census[4]
Front Street, 1916

2020 census

[edit]
Moorhead, Minnesota – Racial Composition[19]
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
Race Number Percentage
White (NH) 35,491 79.7%
Black or African American (NH) 2,950 6.6%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH) 854 1.9%
Asian (NH) 705 1.6%
Pacific Islander (NH) 14 0.0%
Some Other Race (NH) 100 0.2%
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) 2,013 4.5%
Hispanic or Latino 2,378 5.3%
Total 44,505 100.0%

According to the 2018–2022 American Community Survey, the racial composition was as follows:

As of the 2020 census, there were 44,505 people, 17,063 households, and 10,064 families residing in the city.[20] The population density was 1,998.7 inhabitants per square mile (771.7/km2). There were 18,348 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 81.6% White, 6.7% African American, 2.1% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from some other races and 6.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.3% of the population.[21] 23.1% of residents were under the age of 18, 6.8% were under 5 years of age, and 12.4% were 65 and older.

2010 census

[edit]

As of the 2010 census, there were 38,065 people, 14,304 households, and 8,372 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,922.3 inhabitants per square mile (742.2/km2). There were 15,274 housing units at an average density of 771.4 per square mile (297.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 90.7% White, 2.0% African American, 1.5% Native American, 2.0% Asian, 1.1% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.1% of the population.

There were 14,304 households, of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.5% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.97.

The median age in the city was 28.3 years. 20.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 23.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.4% were from 25 to 44; 20.5% were from 45 to 64; and 11.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

2000 census

[edit]

According to the 2006–2008 American Community Survey, the top ten European ancestries were the following:

As of the 2000 census, there were 32,177 people, 11,660 households, and 7,030 families living in the city. The population density was 2,394.3 inhabitants per square mile (924.4/km2). There were 12,180 housing units at an average density of 906.3 inhabitants per square mile (349.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.08% White, 0.77% African American, 1.94% Native American, 1.27% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.10% from other races, and 1.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.47% of the population.

There were 11,660 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.7% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.7% under the age of 18, 23.1% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 17.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,781, and the median income for a family was $49,118. Males had a median income of $33,137 versus $23,717 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,150. About 8.2% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.9% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

[edit]
Presidential election results 1960–2020
Precinct General Election Results[22]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 40.6% 8,459 56.7% 11,809 2.7% 555
2016 41.0% 7,893 48.7% 9,390 10.3% 1,983
2012 41.3% 7,609 55.8% 10,278 2.9% 530
2008 39.3% 7,249 58.8% 10,840 1.9% 359
2004 50.0% 8,515 48.5% 8,254 1.5% 247
2000 48.8% 6,930 44.7% 6,357 6.5% 929
1996 42.9% 5,424 50.0% 6,334 7.1% 903
1992 42.2% 6,257 42.7% 6,321 15.1% 2,238
1988 49.0% 6,541 51.0% 6,800 0.0% 0
1984 53.3% 7,060 46.7% 6,174 0.0% 0
1980 46.3% 5,496 37.2% 4,406 16.5% 1,956
1976 51.5% 6,711 46.7% 6,079 1.8% 235
1972 56.4% 7,100 42.5% 5,349 1.1% 134
1968 53.9% 5,168 43.0% 4,124 3.1% 301
1964 43.5% 4,005 56.1% 5,159 0.4% 33
1960 62.0% 5,154 37.8% 3,146 0.2% 15

Transportation

[edit]

Moorhead has multiple transportation options, with intercity buses, trains, and air travel available in Fargo. Locally, the city is served by MATBUS. Interstate 94 and U.S. Highways 10, 52 (concurrent with I-94), and 75 are four of the city's main roadways. Other routes in the Fargo–Moorhead area include Interstate 29 and Minnesota State Highway 336.

Economy

[edit]

Agriculture is prominent in the area, and Moorhead hosts corporate, manufacturing, and distribution industries, including American Crystal Sugar (corporate headquarters and sugar beet processing), Busch Agricultural Resources (malt manufacturing), and Pactiv (container manufacturing). The unemployment rate is consistently below the national average and property values are stable.

Top employers

[edit]

According to the City's 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,[23] the largest employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees Percentage
1 Moorhead Area Public Schools ISD #152 900 2.39%
2 Concordia College 784 2.09%
3 Minnesota State University Moorhead 750 1.99%
4 American Crystal Sugar Company 648 1.72%
5 Creative Care for Reaching Independence (CCRI) 475 1.26%
6 Eventide Lutheran Home 400 1.06%
7 Cash Wise Foods 299 0.80%
8 City of Moorhead 284 0.72%
9 Minnesota State Community and Technical College 137 0.36%
10 Access of Red River Valley 120 0.32%
— Total employers 4,797 12.71%

Arts and culture

[edit]

The Rourke Art Gallery and the Rourke Art Museum are native Moorhead cultural institutions hosting the annual Midwestern Invitational Exhibition. The museum displays an important art collection from local, regional, and national artists. The Rourke Museum is housed in the historic Moorhead Post Office building.

The city is also home to the Bluestem Amphitheater, a 3,000-seat outdoor amphitheater that opened in 2009 with a partnership between the Fargo Public Schools, the City of Moorhead, and an arts grant from the state of Minnesota.[24] Bluestem hosts a summer concert series that has drawn bands including Wilco, Goo Goo Dolls, The Beach Boys, and Weezer.[25]

The Bluestem Amphitheater is home to Trollwood Performing Arts School, a renowned summer arts and theater program for students of all ages.[26]

The Comstock House is a historic house museum, a blend of Queen Anne and Eastlake styles built in 1883. Solomon Comstock was a lawyer and U.S. representative.[27]

Hjemkomst Center

[edit]
Replica of Norwegian stave church at the Hjemkomst Center.

The Hjemkomst Center is a museum containing a full-scale replica of a Viking ship of the same name. The Hjemkomst vessel was built in nearby Hawley by Moorhead resident Robert Asp, and was sailed from Duluth to Oslo, Norway, in 1982 by his children after his death. It is now permanently housed in the center.

The Clay County Museum and Archives, operated by the Clay County Historical Society, interprets Clay County history in a free museum in the Hjemkomst Center's lower level. The Society has more than 30,000 artifacts in its collection, one of the largest and most important historic collections in Minnesota outside the Minneapolis-St. Paul area.

On the grounds of the Hjemkomst Center is a stave church. The traditional Norwegian-style church serves as a symbol of Norwegian heritage in the Red River Valley. The church is a full-scale replica of the Hopperstad Stave Church in Vik, Norway.

Museums

[edit]

Theaters

[edit]
  • Bluestem Amphitheater – a 3,000 seat outdoor amphitheater.
  • The Gooseberry Park Players – a not-for-profit, fee-free theater company for people aged 11 to 18. Every July, it presents a show at the Horizon Middle School’s Performing Arts Center.[28]
  • Theatre B – programming includes Mainstage productions; a Sunday Salon discussion series; an Incubator for new play development; Community Collaborations; college internships; B Emerging Artist Training (BEAT); and B AT HOME.[29]
  • Trollwood Performing Arts School – a summer theater arts program for students of all ages. The school presents many different forms of performing arts every summer, the most prominent being a Broadway musical performed in front of up to 2,500 audience members per night at an outdoor amphitheater.

Parks

[edit]
  • Gooseberry Mound Park – offers a playground, cross country ski trails, and fat tire bike trails[30]
  • M.B. Johnson Park – offers walking and biking trails, picnic tables, and a playground. In the winter, the Moorhead Park District hosts sleigh rides.[31]

Sports

[edit]

The Fargo-Moorhead RedHawks is an independent professional baseball team that plays at Newman Outdoor Field in Fargo. It is part of the American Association.

Interstate Raceway is a dragstrip and drifting race facility southeast of Moorhead. It has a 0.25 mi (0.40 km) dragstrip and a concrete drift track.

Education

[edit]
Weld Hall on the campus of Minnesota State University Moorhead
Old Main on the campus of Concordia College
Moorhead Public Library, part of the Lake Aggassiz Regional Library.

The city has four institutions of higher learning: Concordia College (a private Christian liberal arts college), Minnesota State University Moorhead (a public university), Minnesota State Community and Technical College (a two- to four-year technical college), and Rasmussen University (a two- to four-year college). These colleges' combined student enrollment is about 14,000.

K-12 education is provided to over 5,000 students by the Moorhead School District: S.G. Reinertsen Elementary, Robert Asp Elementary, Ellen Hopkins Elementary, Dorothy Dodds Elementary, Horizon Middle School, and Moorhead High School. The district is known for its high achievement, with students consistently performing above the national average on the ACT.[32] The district includes the cities of Moorhead, Georgetown, Kragnes, and Sabin.

The city includes the Red River Area Learning Center and the Probstfield Center for Education.

Park Christian School is a private Christian school in Moorhead providing a K–12 education. St. Joseph's is a Catholic elementary school.

The public library is at 118 5th Street South and is part of the Lake Agassiz Regional Library system.[33] The former public library, built in 1906, was at 102 6th Street South. It was paid for by Andrew Carnegie and designed by architect Milton Earl Beebe.[34]

Healthcare

[edit]

Sanford Health Moorhead Clinic is part of the Sanford Health network, providing comprehensive healthcare services to residents of Moorhead and nearby areas. The clinic offers family medicine, radiology, lab services, immunizations, and mammograms.[35]

Moorhead is also a key provider of senior healthcare services. The Moorhead Senior Citizens Center serves as a community hub for local seniors, offering a space for social activities and gatherings.[36] Eventide Lutheran Home in Moorhead provides a range of care services, including assisted living, memory care, and long-term care for elderly residents.[37]

Media

[edit]
Main article: Fargo-Moorhead media

Notable people

[edit]
[edit]

Moorhead's pioneer Prairie Home Cemetery on 8th Street was the inspiration for the name of Garrison Keillor's national radio program A Prairie Home Companion.[49] Although Keillor thought the cemetery was founded by Norwegian Lutherans, it was organized in 1875 by Oscar Elmer, a Yankee Presbyterian minister who was the first ordained Christian minister in the Moorhead area.[50]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "2024 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  2. ^ United States Census Bureau (April 23, 2024). "2020 Census Qualifying Urban Areas and Final Criteria Clarifications". Federal Register.
  3. ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Moorhead, Minnesota
  4. ^ a b c "Explore Census Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  5. ^ a b "City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2023". United States Census Bureau. October 4, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  6. ^ "Moorhead (MN) sales tax rate". Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  7. ^ "Minnesota Pronunciation Guide". Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
  8. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  9. ^ "City of Moorhead : About the City". www.cityofmoorhead.com. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  10. ^ a b Upham, Warren (1920). Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance. Minnesota Historical Society. p. 117.
  11. ^ Lubetkin, M. John (2006). ""Twenty Six-Feet and No Bottom": Constructing the Northern Pacific Railroad" (PDF). Minnesota History. Vol. 60, no. 1. Minnesota Historical Society. p. 6. JSTOR 20188526. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  12. ^ "A Dilly Bar in Fargo-Moorhead? You Betcha! - Fargo-Moorhead". fargomoorhead.org. March 17, 2012.
  13. ^ "Moorhead man behind Dilly Bar dies at age 91; known as 'Dairy Queen Bob'". Inforum. November 19, 2013. Archived from the original on December 8, 2014.
  14. ^ "Rogue Dairy Queen has been ignoring corporate HQ since 1949". New York Post. July 23, 2015. Retrieved July 12, 2017.
  15. ^ [1] Archived June 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Moorhead, MN". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  17. ^ "xmACIS2". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  18. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  19. ^ States Census Bureau%5d%5d "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Moorhead city, Minnesota". data.census.gov. Retrieved October 4, 2024. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  20. ^ "US Census Bureau, Table P16: Household Type". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  21. ^ "How many people live in Moorhead city, Minnesota". USA Today. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  22. ^ "Office of the Minnesota Secretary of State - Election Results". Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
  23. ^ "City of Moorhead 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report" (PDF). October 4, 2024. p. 153.
  24. ^ "Moorhead City Council member says city should step in on Blu..."
  25. ^ "2009–2015 Past Events – Bluestem Amphitheater". bluestemamphitheater.org.
  26. ^ "Trollwood Performing Arts School website". trollwood.org.
  27. ^ "Solomon Gilman Comstock". Minnesota Legislative Reference Library: Legislators Past and Present. Retrieved March 22, 2015.
  28. ^ Whiting, Lonna (March 6, 2023). "Scott Brusven takes helm at Gooseberry Park Players with inclusive approach to theater arts". Inforum. Retrieved June 2, 2024.
  29. ^ Whiting, Lonna (May 6, 2024). "Theatre B's 'This Random World' explores life's missed encounters". Inforum. Retrieved June 2, 2024.
  30. ^ "7 Great Parks to Checkout in the Fargo-Moorhead Area". Fargo Monthly. Retrieved June 2, 2024.
  31. ^ "Moorhead Park District hosting $5 Sleigh Rides at MB Johnson Park". KVRR. December 27, 2022. Retrieved June 2, 2024.
  32. ^ "About the District". moorhead.k12.mn.us. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008.
  33. ^ "Moorhead Public Library".
  34. ^ "Moorhead Public Library, 102 6th Street South, Moorhead, Minnesota (Razed) - Placeography". www.placeography.org.
  35. ^ "Sanford Health Moorhead Clinic in Moorhead, MN". Sanford Health. Retrieved October 2, 2024.
  36. ^ "Moorhead Senior Citizens Center - Moorhead, MN". City of Moorhead. Retrieved October 2, 2024.
  37. ^ "Eventide Lutheran Home". Assisted Spaces. Retrieved October 2, 2024.
  38. ^ "Dr. René Clausen's Lasting Legacy". Concordia College. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  39. ^ "Minnesota State Law Library-Wallace B. Douglas". Archived from the original on January 5, 2014.
  40. ^ "Official Homepage of Becky Gulsvig". www.beckygulsvig.com.
  41. ^ icenetwork.com: Skaters Archived July 22, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. Web.icenetwork.com (August 4, 2006). Retrieved on August 25, 2013.
  42. ^ "MAGNUSON, Warren Grant | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  43. ^ "Adolph Murie (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  44. ^ "National Park Service: Biography (Olaus J. Murie)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  45. ^ Peterson, Collin. "About Me | Congressman Collin Peterson". house.gov. U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
  46. ^ "Fargo's Own: Leslie Stefanson". citylifestyle.com. Retrieved November 9, 2022.
  47. ^ Woodburn, Thos. B., ed. (August 1937). "Former Private Commands Fort Jay". Recruiting News. Governors Island, NY: Recruiting Publicity Bureau, U.S. Army. p. 11 – via Google Books.
  48. ^ "ROY WILLIAMS". profootballarchives.com. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
  49. ^ Keillor, Garrison, quoted in Peter A. Scholl, Garrison Keillor (New York: Twayne, 1993).
  50. ^ Elmer, Oscar. Journal. Unpublished manuscript.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Moorhead, Minnesota.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moorhead,_Minnesota&oldid=1279684855"